Rocky Linux 9.3 安装 notebook
约 555 个字 529 行代码 预计阅读时间 8 分钟
一、安装anaconda
1、下载anaconda安装包
打开anaconda官网下载地址，如下：
https://www.anaconda.com/download
找到要下载的linux版本地址链接，然后使用wget命令下载到本地。
因为下载速度原因，也可以使用国内镜像源的，我这里使用的是清华源的
wget --user-agent=“Mozilla” https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
[fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ wget --user-agent=“Mozilla” https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
--2024-02-20 23:56:18-- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
Resolving mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.15.130, 2402:f000:1:400::2
Connecting to mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.15.130|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1153404010 (1.1G) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh’
Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Lin 100%[==============================>] 1.07G 11.6MB/s in 92s
2024-02-20 23:57:50 (12.0 MB/s) - ‘Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh’ saved [1153404010/1153404010]
[fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ ll
total 1126372
-rw-r--r-- 1 fotianmoyin fotianmoyin 1153404010 Sep 29 23:47 Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
2、安装anaconda
执行如下命令，安装：
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
[fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ sh ./Anaconda3-2023.09-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
Welcome to Anaconda3 2023.09-0
In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>>
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Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes
Anaconda3 will now be installed into this location:
/home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3
- Press ENTER to confirm the location
- Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
- Or specify a different location below
[/home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3] >>>
PREFIX=/home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3
Unpacking payload ...
Installing base environment...
Downloading and Extracting Packages
Downloading and Extracting Packages
Preparing transaction: done
Executing transaction: -
Installed package of scikit-learn can be accelerated using scikit-learn-intelex.
More details are available here: https://intel.github.io/scikit-learn-intelex
For example:
$ conda install scikit-learn-intelex
$ python -m sklearnex my_application.py
done
installation finished.
Do you wish to update your shell profile to automatically initialize conda?
This will activate conda on startup and change the command prompt when activated.
If you'd prefer that conda's base environment not be activated on startup,
run the following command when conda is activated:
conda config --set auto_activate_base false
You can undo this by running `conda init --reverse $SHELL`? [yes|no]
[no] >>>
You have chosen to not have conda modify your shell scripts at all.
To activate conda's base environment in your current shell session:
eval "$(/home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/bin/conda shell.YOUR_SHELL_NAME hook)"
To install conda's shell functions for easier access, first activate, then:
conda init
Thank you for installing Anaconda3!
这里，最后那个更改shell配置的选项，我手欠打了yes。结果conda命令不可用，不过可以通过一下方法调整。 执行一下命令：
点击查看执行示例
这样，会激活conda的base环境（命令行提示以(base)开头）。然后，我们再执行以下命令：
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
(base) [fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ conda init
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/condabin/conda
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/bin/conda
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/bin/conda-env
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/bin/activate
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/bin/deactivate
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/etc/fish/conf.d/conda.fish
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/shell/condabin/Conda.psm1
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/shell/condabin/conda-hook.ps1
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/lib/python3.11/site-packages/xontrib/conda.xsh
no change /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.csh
modified /home/fotianmoyin/.bashrc
==> For changes to take effect, close and re-open your current shell. <==
好了，conda命令可用了。我们执行以下命令，禁止默认进入base环境，这样可以避免不注意的情况下在base环境安装包。
3、配置anaconda镜像源为阿里云
编辑用户根目录下的.condarc文件，将以下内容加入到anconda的配置文件中（可以使用vim编辑，也可以将这个文件下载到本地，编辑后再上传覆盖）。
channels:
- defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:
- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/pkgs/main
- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/pkgs/r
- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
conda-forge: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/cloud
msys2: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/cloud
bioconda: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/cloud
menpo: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/cloud
pytorch: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/cloud
simpleitk: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/anaconda/cloud
二、安装notebook
1、虚拟环境的基本操作
- 创建虚拟环境
- 激活虚拟环境
- 退出虚拟环境
- 查看虚拟环境
- 删除虚拟环境
- 克隆虚拟环境
2、创建虚拟环境
执行以下命令，创建虚拟环境py311
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
[fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ conda create -n py311
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/envs/py311
Proceed ([y]/n)?
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
# To activate this environment, use
#
# $ conda activate py311
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
# $ conda deactivate
执行以下命令，激活虚拟环境py311
点击查看执行示例
3、给虚拟环境安装python3.11
执行以下命令安装python3.11
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
(py311) [fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ conda install python=3.11
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/envs/py311
added / updated specs:
- python=3.11
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
_libgcc_mutex anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::_libgcc_mutex-0.1-main
_openmp_mutex anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::_openmp_mutex-5.1-1_gnu
bzip2 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::bzip2-1.0.8-h7b6447c_0
ca-certificates anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ca-certificates-2023.12.12-h06a4308_0
ld_impl_linux-64 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ld_impl_linux-64-2.38-h1181459_1
libffi anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libffi-3.4.4-h6a678d5_0
libgcc-ng anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libgcc-ng-11.2.0-h1234567_1
libgomp anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libgomp-11.2.0-h1234567_1
libstdcxx-ng anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libstdcxx-ng-11.2.0-h1234567_1
libuuid anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libuuid-1.41.5-h5eee18b_0
ncurses anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ncurses-6.4-h6a678d5_0
openssl anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::openssl-3.0.13-h7f8727e_0
pip anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pip-23.3.1-py311h06a4308_0
python anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::python-3.11.7-h955ad1f_0
readline anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::readline-8.2-h5eee18b_0
setuptools anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::setuptools-68.2.2-py311h06a4308_0
sqlite anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::sqlite-3.41.2-h5eee18b_0
tk anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::tk-8.6.12-h1ccaba5_0
tzdata anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::tzdata-2023d-h04d1e81_0
wheel anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::wheel-0.41.2-py311h06a4308_0
xz anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::xz-5.4.5-h5eee18b_0
zlib anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::zlib-1.2.13-h5eee18b_0
Proceed ([y]/n)?
Downloading and Extracting Packages
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
3、安装notebook
执行以下命令，安装notebook
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
(py311) [fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ conda install notebook
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/envs/py311
added / updated specs:
- notebook
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
anyio anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::anyio-4.2.0-py311h06a4308_0
argon2-cffi anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::argon2-cffi-21.3.0-pyhd3eb1b0_0
argon2-cffi-bindi~ anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0-py311h5eee18b_0
asttokens anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::asttokens-2.0.5-pyhd3eb1b0_0
async-lru anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::async-lru-2.0.4-py311h06a4308_0
attrs anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::attrs-23.1.0-py311h06a4308_0
babel anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::babel-2.11.0-py311h06a4308_0
beautifulsoup4 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::beautifulsoup4-4.12.2-py311h06a4308_0
bleach anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::bleach-4.1.0-pyhd3eb1b0_0
brotli-python anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::brotli-python-1.0.9-py311h6a678d5_7
certifi anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::certifi-2024.2.2-py311h06a4308_0
cffi anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::cffi-1.16.0-py311h5eee18b_0
charset-normalizer anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::charset-normalizer-2.0.4-pyhd3eb1b0_0
comm anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::comm-0.1.2-py311h06a4308_0
debugpy anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::debugpy-1.6.7-py311h6a678d5_0
decorator anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::decorator-5.1.1-pyhd3eb1b0_0
defusedxml anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::defusedxml-0.7.1-pyhd3eb1b0_0
executing anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::executing-0.8.3-pyhd3eb1b0_0
idna anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::idna-3.4-py311h06a4308_0
ipykernel anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ipykernel-6.28.0-py311h06a4308_0
ipython anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ipython-8.20.0-py311h06a4308_0
jedi anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jedi-0.18.1-py311h06a4308_1
jinja2 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jinja2-3.1.3-py311h06a4308_0
json5 anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::json5-0.9.6-pyhd3eb1b0_0
jsonschema anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jsonschema-4.19.2-py311h06a4308_0
jsonschema-specif~ anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jsonschema-specifications-2023.7.1-py311h06a4308_0
jupyter-lsp anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyter-lsp-2.2.0-py311h06a4308_0
jupyter_client anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyter_client-8.6.0-py311h06a4308_0
jupyter_core anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyter_core-5.5.0-py311h06a4308_0
jupyter_events anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyter_events-0.8.0-py311h06a4308_0
jupyter_server anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyter_server-2.10.0-py311h06a4308_0
jupyter_server_te~ anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyter_server_terminals-0.4.4-py311h06a4308_1
jupyterlab anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyterlab-4.0.11-py311h06a4308_0
jupyterlab_pygmen~ anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::jupyterlab_pygments-0.1.2-py_0
jupyterlab_server anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::jupyterlab_server-2.25.1-py311h06a4308_0
libsodium anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libsodium-1.0.18-h7b6447c_0
markupsafe anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::markupsafe-2.1.3-py311h5eee18b_0
matplotlib-inline anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::matplotlib-inline-0.1.6-py311h06a4308_0
mistune anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::mistune-2.0.4-py311h06a4308_0
nbclient anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::nbclient-0.8.0-py311h06a4308_0
nbconvert anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::nbconvert-7.10.0-py311h06a4308_0
nbformat anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::nbformat-5.9.2-py311h06a4308_0
nest-asyncio anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::nest-asyncio-1.5.6-py311h06a4308_0
notebook anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::notebook-7.0.8-py311h06a4308_0
notebook-shim anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::notebook-shim-0.2.3-py311h06a4308_0
overrides anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::overrides-7.4.0-py311h06a4308_0
packaging anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::packaging-23.1-py311h06a4308_0
pandocfilters anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::pandocfilters-1.5.0-pyhd3eb1b0_0
parso anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::parso-0.8.3-pyhd3eb1b0_0
pexpect anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::pexpect-4.8.0-pyhd3eb1b0_3
platformdirs anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::platformdirs-3.10.0-py311h06a4308_0
prometheus_client anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::prometheus_client-0.14.1-py311h06a4308_0
prompt-toolkit anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::prompt-toolkit-3.0.43-py311h06a4308_0
prompt_toolkit anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::prompt_toolkit-3.0.43-hd3eb1b0_0
psutil anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::psutil-5.9.0-py311h5eee18b_0
ptyprocess anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::ptyprocess-0.7.0-pyhd3eb1b0_2
pure_eval anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::pure_eval-0.2.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0
pycparser anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::pycparser-2.21-pyhd3eb1b0_0
pygments anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pygments-2.15.1-py311h06a4308_1
pysocks anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pysocks-1.7.1-py311h06a4308_0
python-dateutil anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::python-dateutil-2.8.2-pyhd3eb1b0_0
python-fastjsonsc~ anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::python-fastjsonschema-2.16.2-py311h06a4308_0
python-json-logger anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::python-json-logger-2.0.7-py311h06a4308_0
pytz anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pytz-2023.3.post1-py311h06a4308_0
pyyaml anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pyyaml-6.0.1-py311h5eee18b_0
pyzmq anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pyzmq-25.1.2-py311h6a678d5_0
referencing anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::referencing-0.30.2-py311h06a4308_0
requests anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::requests-2.31.0-py311h06a4308_1
rfc3339-validator anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::rfc3339-validator-0.1.4-py311h06a4308_0
rfc3986-validator anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::rfc3986-validator-0.1.1-py311h06a4308_0
rpds-py anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::rpds-py-0.10.6-py311hb02cf49_0
send2trash anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::send2trash-1.8.2-py311h06a4308_0
six anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::six-1.16.0-pyhd3eb1b0_1
sniffio anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::sniffio-1.3.0-py311h06a4308_0
soupsieve anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::soupsieve-2.5-py311h06a4308_0
stack_data anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::stack_data-0.2.0-pyhd3eb1b0_0
terminado anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::terminado-0.17.1-py311h06a4308_0
tinycss2 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::tinycss2-1.2.1-py311h06a4308_0
tornado anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::tornado-6.3.3-py311h5eee18b_0
traitlets anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::traitlets-5.7.1-py311h06a4308_0
typing-extensions anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::typing-extensions-4.9.0-py311h06a4308_1
typing_extensions anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::typing_extensions-4.9.0-py311h06a4308_1
urllib3 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::urllib3-2.1.0-py311h06a4308_1
wcwidth anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::wcwidth-0.2.5-pyhd3eb1b0_0
webencodings anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::webencodings-0.5.1-py311h06a4308_1
websocket-client anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::websocket-client-0.58.0-py311h06a4308_4
yaml anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::yaml-0.2.5-h7b6447c_0
zeromq anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::zeromq-4.3.5-h6a678d5_0
Proceed ([y]/n)?
Downloading and Extracting Packages
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
4、启动notebook
执行以下命令，启动notebook
点击查看执行示例
执行示例.log
(py311) [fotianmoyin@fotianmoyin-ecs ~]$ jupyter notebook
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.286 ServerApp] Package notebook took 0.0000s to import
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.296 ServerApp] Package jupyter_lsp took 0.0098s to import
[W 2024-02-21 14:43:27.296 ServerApp] A `_jupyter_server_extension_points` function was not found in jupyter_lsp. Instead, a `_jupyter_server_extension_paths` function was found and will be used for now. This function name will be deprecated in future releases of Jupyter Server.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.304 ServerApp] Package jupyter_server_terminals took 0.0076s to import
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.305 ServerApp] Package jupyterlab took 0.0000s to import
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.328 ServerApp] Package notebook_shim took 0.0000s to import
[W 2024-02-21 14:43:27.328 ServerApp] A `_jupyter_server_extension_points` function was not found in notebook_shim. Instead, a `_jupyter_server_extension_paths` function was found and will be used for now. This function name will be deprecated in future releases of Jupyter Server.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.329 ServerApp] jupyter_lsp | extension was successfully linked.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.332 ServerApp] jupyter_server_terminals | extension was successfully linked.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.336 ServerApp] jupyterlab | extension was successfully linked.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.339 ServerApp] notebook | extension was successfully linked.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.340 ServerApp] Writing Jupyter server cookie secret to /home/fotianmoyin/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/jupyter_cookie_secret
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.560 ServerApp] notebook_shim | extension was successfully linked.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.578 ServerApp] notebook_shim | extension was successfully loaded.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.580 ServerApp] jupyter_lsp | extension was successfully loaded.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.581 ServerApp] jupyter_server_terminals | extension was successfully loaded.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.582 LabApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/envs/py311/lib/python3.11/site-packages/jupyterlab
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.582 LabApp] JupyterLab application directory is /home/fotianmoyin/anaconda3/envs/py311/share/jupyter/lab
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.582 LabApp] Extension Manager is 'pypi'.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.584 ServerApp] jupyterlab | extension was successfully loaded.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.586 ServerApp] notebook | extension was successfully loaded.
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.587 ServerApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/fotianmoyin
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.587 ServerApp] Jupyter Server 2.10.0 is running at:
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.587 ServerApp] http://localhost:8888/tree?token=648e0e22013581a92ad2b525324024a3b780fa5895272690
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.587 ServerApp] http://127.0.0.1:8888/tree?token=648e0e22013581a92ad2b525324024a3b780fa5895272690
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.587 ServerApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[W 2024-02-21 14:43:27.590 ServerApp] No web browser found: Error('could not locate runnable browser').
[C 2024-02-21 14:43:27.590 ServerApp]
To access the server, open this file in a browser:
file:///home/fotianmoyin/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/jpserver-5833-open.html
Or copy and paste one of these URLs:
http://localhost:8888/tree?token=648e0e22013581a92ad2b525324024a3b780fa5895272690
http://127.0.0.1:8888/tree?token=648e0e22013581a92ad2b525324024a3b780fa5895272690
[I 2024-02-21 14:43:27.600 ServerApp] Skipped non-installed server(s): bash-language-server, dockerfile-language-server-nodejs, javascript-typescript-langserver, jedi-language-server, julia-language-server, pyright, python-language-server, python-lsp-server, r-languageserver, sql-language-server, texlab, typescript-language-server, unified-language-server, vscode-css-languageserver-bin, vscode-html-languageserver-bin, vscode-json-languageserver-bin, yaml-language-server
至此，再Rocky Linux 9.3上使用Anaconda安装notebook就完成了。但是因为是服务器，所以还不太好访问，下一步，我将部署一个nginx来反向代理notebook，从而解决访问难的问题。